Adolescent Cognitive Development After Trauma - 4747 Words

Adolescent Cognitive Development After Trauma Raquel A. Figueroa Liberty University COUN 620-B02 Abstract In a generation of hopelessness, adolescents seek a purpose for their existence. They seek refugee from violence, abuse and maltreatment. The overwhelming pressure opens the door for instant gratification in drugs, alcohol, sexual activity, and fail to make appropriate adjustments in compromising circumstances. There is a correlation between traumatic experiences and adolescent cognitive development. A traumatic experience can alter an adolescent’s neural system and adversely affect the latter stages of brain development. Working with survivors of traumatic events requires an understanding of maladaptive†¦show more content†¦10) has detrimental consequences on adolescent development. Research shows chronic or complex trauma will take longer to recuperate from than an acute experience. According to Malchiodi (2009), â€Å"The Complex Trauma Taskforce of the National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN) undertook a significant step in identifying and resolving the problems associated with diagnosing complex trauma in children† (p. 1). Adolescents diagnosed with complex trauma are more likely to engage in â€Å"maladaptive attempts at self-soothing† (van der Kolk amp; Pynoos, 2009, p. 11) that is expressed in high-risk behavior, chemical or substance dependency or aggressiveness toward others. Adolescents exposed to a traumatic event are predisposed to high-risk behaviors that range from â€Å"serious mental and physical health problems† (Bright, 2008, p. 18). Substance and chemical dependency, sexual activity, severe despondency, and suicide are just a few examples of maladaptive coping skills adolescents discover as a means of managing overwhelming emotions (Bright, 2008). Evidence suggests adolescents who think about how the trauma could have been prevented may suffer from extreme guilt. Untreated maladaptive behavior can become lethal toward others or themself. Adolescents face a conundrum of developmental challenges as they navigate through traumatic experiences and make positive use of healthy coping skills. Self-awareness and self-regulation are two important skillsShow MoreRelatedEmotional Trauma and the Adolescent Brain Essay example1311 Words   |  6 Pagesare many types of trauma that can effect an adolescent and without the proper treatment of the traumatic event the adolescent can have difficulty adapting and developing into adulthood. Kathleen J. Moroz, of the Vermont Agency of Human Services, defines trauma as a physical or psychological threat or assault to a child’s physical integrity, sense of self, safety of survival or to the physical safety of another person significant to the child. She goes on to list the types of trauma a child may beRead MoreTrauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1299 Words   |  6 Pages(Faust et al., 2004)Very young children struggle with cognitive components of cognitive-behavioral i ntervention strategies because it exceeds their developmental capabilities (Faust Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)As previously noted, a child is at a greater risk for the effects of severe sexual abuse in the first years of life (Faust Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004) One theory that alleviates symptoms of PTSD is Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT). This theory is designedRead MoreWhat Makes A Child Butt Out At Their Parents And Others? Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagesserious accidents or even physical or sexual assault in adults and children or adolescents (Dodson, 2010). Psychological causes of PTSD are widely identified by medical professions to be the number one cause of mental disturbance among children, adolescents and veterans. There have been horrific impacts of traumatic childhood experience or cognitive development abilities that have impacted among children and adolescents. The traumatic affects to those veterans who attempt to fight through demons dueRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1514 Words   |  7 Pagesthat children exposed to trauma are at much greater risk for PTSD† (p. 22). Adolescents do not have any strong sense of resilience as compared to most adults that have been exposed to the sa me traumatic events. Review of Literature Studies confirm that PTSD is developed as a result of a traumatic event or from repetitive maltreatment. According to Bender, Postlewait, Thompson Springer (2011), study done by using data from the National Survey for Child and Adolescent Well-Being. The goal of theRead MoreThe Attachment, Self Regulation, And Competency1677 Words   |  7 PagesThe Attachment, Self-Regulation, and Competency (ARC) Framework is a theoretically grounded, evidence-informed, promising practice used to treat complex trauma in children and adolescents (Arvidson, 2011). This research shows how the application of the ARC model benefits inner city youth who have been diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder. The goal of this research is to demonstrate that symptoms of ODD can be decreased by exposing inner city youth to ARC therapy over a period of time. TheRead MorePsychology : A Human s Mind1399 Words   |  6 Pagesin applied psychology, my desire to obtain a Ph.D. in counseling psychology is mo tivated by a desire to build on my existing academic framework of psychological concepts to explore the link between behavior and trauma in order to better serve the communities that I work with: Adolescents. The understanding of the internal and external factors that determine coping mechanisms and responses to life stressors have been an integral and valuable aspect of my success as a counselor to date, as well asRead MoreThe Effects Of Traumatic Events On Infants And Young Children1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn recent years the research regarding trauma has shifted from adults to children. In the past, the impact of traumatic events on infants and young children has been passed over when in reality early childhood is the stage when a child is most vulnerable to the effects of trauma (Perry et. al., 1995). There are numerous interventions for early childhood trauma that focus on the child and the child’s primary caregiver. I wanted to design an intervention that will be able to go beyond the home environmentRead MoreDomestic Violence and Social Problems1268 Words   |  6 Pagesinappropriate attitudes about violence as a means to using violence themselves. If a child is raised in a violent home their going to believe its okay to use violence as a means to solving conflict. Children also experience bedwetting, delayed language development, and anxiety over separation of parents. Negative effects varies around age span differences. Infants in violent homes come in conflict with discrepancy in attachment. Often times they cry excessively having eating and sleeping problems, infantsRead MoreThe National Child Traumatic Stress Network ( Nctsn )1060 Words   |  5 Pagesby Congress in 2000 and brings a comprehensive focus to childhood trauma. This network raises the average standard of care and improves access to services for traumatized children, their families and communities throughout the United States. The NCTSN defines trauma‑focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF‑CBT) as an evidence‑based treatment approach that is shown to help children, adolescents, and their caregivers overcome trauma‑related difficulties. It is designed to reduce negative emotionalRead MoreThe Effects Of Extreme Abuse And Neglect Is The Development Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1518 Words   |  7 Pagesmillion children are victims of abuse and neglect on a yearly basis. Of those one million children, 1500 will die due to abuse or neglect. It is also estimated that 50% of adolescents have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event (De Arellano and Danielson 2008). One particular consequence of extreme abuse and neglect is the development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Symptoms of PTSD include persistent and recurrent invasive thoughts focused around the traumatic event, avoidance of symbolic

Teaching Violent Behavior Through TV Essay examples

Murder. Rape. Suicide. Kidnapping. Chaos. Destruction. When Mr. Farnsworth invented the television, I dont think he knew what kind of impact his invention would have on todays children. Even if he did, I dont think he would have anticipated the level of violence that children would be exposed to due to progress. In recent years, there has been an upsurge of violence in America, as well as on television. With this rise in violence, both in society and in the media, parents and teachers should become more aware of ways to counteract television violence, such as using the TV ratings system, V-chip, and discussing television violence with children. Since the invention of the television, people, especially†¦show more content†¦Basically, they showed that constant exposure to violence promotes and encourages violence. Lombardo points out that the path between media portrayals of violence and their effects on culture, society, and individual behavior are found to be in direct relation to each other. (Lombardo) Fear of violence is one reason that children are spending less time outside playing and more time watching TV, says William Abbott, president of the Boston-based National Foundation to Improve Television. (Bergenfield) However, just because children arent outside as much as they used to be doesnt mean that they are escaping from the threat of violence. Television can be a powerful influence in developing value systems and behavior in children. Unfortunately, much of todays television programming is violent. Several studies by UCLA have found that children may become immune to the horror of violence, gradually accept violence as a way to solve problems, imitate the violence they observe on television, and identify with certain character; victims and/or victimizers. (UCLA) The impact of TV violence may be immediately evident in a childs behavior or may surface years later. However, this is not to say that violence on television is the only source for aggressive or violent behavior, but it is a significant factor. In Black and Newmans report, Television violence and children, they state that although watchingShow MoreRelatedMedia Kids Essay1262 Words   |  6 Pagesviolence and risky behaviors as depicted on TV can have a profound effect on a young developing mind. It is well known that the first two years of life is when the brain undergoes critical development phases. During this time it is important that kids develop an accurate perception of the world they are growing up in. Over consumption of media (in general) presents a false reality that rewards for violent behavior, hinders mental and physical development, and promotes risky behavior. In response toRead MoreTelevision is an Integral Part of Our Lives752 Words   |  4 Pagesthousands of shows to choose from, varying from soap operas to cooking shows to science fiction. These can all be easily accessed with just the click of a button. If what you want to watch is not on, you can access just about every show there has been thro ugh the Internet. This is convenient in our growing need for constant entertainment. However, this ease of access presents problems. The ability to watch any show at any time applies to children as well. Because of this it has become increasingly difficultRead More Cartoon Violence, Has it gone too Far Essay852 Words   |  4 Pagesfacts is that the level of violence during Saturday morning cartoons is higher than the level of violence during prime time. There are 3 to 5 violent acts per hour in prime time, versus 20 to 25 acts per hour on Saturday morning (Gerbner,1). Violence on television in general is damaging to society. But the specific targeting of the younger population through the use of cartoons to show violence is destructive and in no way helping to profit the upcoming generation. Violence in cartoons is harmfulRead MoreEssay on How Television Impacts our Children1123 Words   |  5 PagesTelevision has been around for over a half century. The first view of TV in the U nited States took place at a Worlds Fair in 1939, but standard television broadcasting did not begin until the late 1940s. Worry about the influence of television on children began when TV was in its early years. Early on in the 1950s, educators and parents began to ask legislators to do something about the amount of violence on TV. This concern still exists today. Parents have reservations about the quality of televisionRead MoreThe Effects of Television Violence on Children1315 Words   |  6 Pagestelevised violence can spark violent behavior. Violence in society is a complex problem, and numerous sources can be cited for blame. If control is to be gained, one obvious place to begin is television, for television violence can promote violence in those who see it. This is especially true for our children and the programming provided for them. Many people claim that no cause and effect link can be established between violence seen on television and behaviors in children. They insist thatRead MoreNegatives of Television and Video Games728 Words   |  3 Pageshave perhaps caught people in such bewilderment and dazzle that the negatives have been given a blind-eye. The positives no doubt are countless, however whether they outweigh the negatives or not is another question. Nowadays, with TV programs becoming many and TV channels and digital entertainment enterprises becoming countless, the quest for originality has become tougher, to the extent that originality has perhaps been raised in status, to become even above quality and common human ideals. Read MoreTelevision Is Destroying Todays Youth, but Dont Blame T.V., Blame the Parents.1302 Words   |  6 PagesEver since television was invented, it has become increasingly controversial every year since. So many programs and movies shown on television have become increasingly violent and show sexual innuendos and sexual content. If you were to turn on the six o clock news, you would hear about the murders and the kidnappings and the rapes and all of the horrible things which happen in society, presented in a neutral manner which makes them all seem not quite so bad. Imagine how that looks to twelveRead MoreAre you aware of what your teenage daughter is watching on TV? You might think you know, but600 Words   |  3 PagesAre you aware of what your teenage daughter is watching on TV? You might think you know, but studies show that 44% of kids say they watch something different when they’re alone than with their parents. Have you ever taken a moment to think about how television may be impacting your daughter? 66% of teens say they are influenced by TV shows. Therefore, next time you see your daughter watching TV think about how those shows may be influencing her. Television nowadays is having a negative influenceRead MoreThe True Cause Of Violent Behaviors1613 Words   |  7 PagesThe True Cause of Violent Behaviors in Today s Society There are volumes of media that are starting to harm the world in which we live. They have been linked to fourteen mass murders (Fletcher). Nine out of the top ten selling games have been labeled as violent and 42% of adolescents play them (â€Å"Children and Video Games†). These violent video games are a major problem in the United States and across the globe. Violent video games have a direct correlation with negative behaviors because they increaseRead More Censorship on Television Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pageslike that situation should not happen. Young viewers should not be subjected to such obscenities and TV violence. Broadcasters argue that censorship violates their first amendment rights, but it does not. Violence and obscene language violate viewers#8217; rights. The benefits of censorship are simple. Less violence and graphic scenes will result in a better society. Many people believe that TV violence encourages youths to act the same way and that censorship will help to get rid of this problem

The Death of Best Medical School Application Essay Samples

The Death of Best Medical School Application Essay Samples The Pain of Best Medical School Application Essay Samples Writing the ideal essay won't matter much if it's the case that you don't pick a school that fulfills your needs. Despite exceptional grades, a poorly written essay provides you with a poor name. Make It Interesting Perhaps the most essential objective of all though is to continue to keep your essay interesting. Permit yourself plenty of time to compose the essay. If you are searching for admission essay writing service, look no more. Really, the very last thing you will need is a verbose essay, droning on. It is imperative to have wide data in the diversity essay. To accomplish this, brainstorm on topics which you are passionate about. So far as the students are involved, writing a research paper is among the toughest and frustrating job in their opinion. Best Medical School Application Essay Samples - Dead or Alive? Diversity, even though it might be an intangible notion or quality, still requires tangible evidence. Our organization is vast in knowledge in a variety of fields. The process has easy and easy things to do to follow through. Be certain to include the specifics of the most important obstacles which you have overcome to reach increased education. To get essay online, you merely will need to fill in the application form and you'll get superior work on the desired topic. On the flip side, the section itself may grow to be too long and difficult to navigate. The practice starts with choosing the topic if it's not specified. There's no general instance of the structu re to follow. The Foolproof Best Medical School Application Essay Samples Strategy Other folks offer complete low excellent work free of revision to the papers. Essays are a really important portion of the application process, states Stacy. The application essay is a significant portion of the application for admission to. Best Medical School Application Essay Samples: No Longer a Mystery One other important part is to maintain your words brief and not deviate from the topic matter available. Don't forget that things on the internet aren't a secret. Your own personal statement should highlight interesting facets of your journeynot tell your whole life story. Whatever you say should drive toward a last point. For your essay, select the details that you would like to highlight in order to best answer the question available. The more time you've spent writing your statement, the not as likely you should spot any errors. Your own personal statement should produce the commi ttee want to meet you when they finish reading your writing. Good personal statements frequently have a strong awareness of narrative. For instance, if a school focuses a whole lot on community service and you've got similar experiences, mention that. As a pre-requisite to joining medical school you might be asked to compose a health school essay. Being accepted to a dream school is the largest desire of all the health care students. Before you begin writing, take some opportunity to reflect on why you're pursuing medical school. There is not a particular set of requirements that may be applied for every other medical school. The most typical mistake is when students try to tailor their application to demonstrate they are the sort of student the admissions committee seeks. Admissions teams are reading many applications, and they wish to be in a position to rapidly understand what it is you are attempting to say. Luckily, there are lots of colleges that either don't want a supplement or give the selection of an optional supplement. Essay is a fundamental sort of paperwork you always need to deal with while studying. Defining my upcoming profession is a critical stage in my life. Again, take into consideration how your previous experiences fit into your future objectives. Don't write about volunteering just because you believe it is the ideal topic. Here's What I Know About Best Medical School Application Essay Samples Thus, tell us why you wish to be a health care provider. You might have known you wished to turn into a doctor for years maybe even since childhood. It's okay not to know precisely what type of doctor you are interested in being. An excellent doctor needs to be brave. After all of the dedication, work, and involvement you will have needed to develop into a strong applicant for medical school, it is very important to respect the journey you've been on and take some time to assess, consider, and reflect on the journey itself so that you could do your very best writing. Your healthcare school personal statement isn't a place to just rehash your transcripts or qualifications. If you put all of the information into the education section, you may rest assured nothing is going to be left out. You are able to visit us to secure more info on any subject that's in question in medical school.

Baroque Art And The Baroque Era - 2216 Words

Baroque Ornamentation The use of ornamentation in Baroque music was a creative, and sometimes improvised outlet for period musicians that spurred from human instinct to manipulate melodic material. This urge to change melodic material by altering the rhythm, or melody can be seen throughout history. Music including Gregorian chant, which predates the Baroque era, contains some elements of ornamentation. It can be seen throughout the Baroque, Classical era, and even in modern music. Although improvisation has been repressed by modern conventions of performance, it shows itself in the style of improvised jazz and avant-garde free improvisation. Performers use improvisation as a means of self-expression and a way to express composer intent. During the Baroque era, there were many different styles and methods of ornamentation depending on location, style, date, and composer of a piece of music. Understanding the historical developments of the Baroque era and the development of ornamentation can help modern pe rformers of Baroque music better understand how to play a more historically accurate performance. The Baroque era lasted from about 1600 to 1750. The music from the Baroque began to develop contrapuntally and in harmonic complexity. Composers also relied on the performers ability to add ornamentation and to complete the harmonies in a basso continue score through improvisation. These scores consisted of a bass line with numbers and symbols written above, to indicate theShow MoreRelatedComparing Art And The Baroque Eras989 Words   |  4 PagesComparing Art of the Renaissance and the Baroque Eras The Renaissance and the Baroque eras created some of the most famous works of art produced in the world. The two eras expressed differences in style and theme, but they also have many characteristics in common. To better understand the similarities of the eras it will be described by the characteristics, styles and the influences of each; Renaissance and Baroque works of art. Famous artist from the Renaissance era were Leonard da Vinci and MichelangeloRead MoreArt Criticism Of The Baroque Era1908 Words   |  8 PagesThe Musicians â€Å"In art criticism,  the word Baroque came to be used to describe anything irregular, bizarre, or otherwise departing from established rules and proportions,† (Britannica, 2016). Caravaggio, born Michelangelo Merisi (1571), an Italian painter, can be said almost single-handedly to have created the Baroque style during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. None other can be more appropriately defined as â€Å"Baroque† than Caravaggio; his character, like his art, was confrontationalRead MoreExploring The Idea Of The Baroque Art Era1331 Words   |  6 PagesInstallation piece I have decided to explore the idea of The Baroque Art Era. The Baroque is a period of artistic style that concentrated on exaggerated processes and lavish designs. Starting in Rome in the early 1600’s, The Baroque style began after the Roman Church was in the middle of monumental internal reform, attempting to address the representation of the arts within the society of the time. They believed that a change in the way art was delivered to the masses was necessary to reach a largerRead MoreArt From Baroque Period Through The Postmodern Era Essay1467 Words   |  6 PagesArt from Baroque Period through the Postmodern Era Renaissance art history began as civic history; it was an expression of civic pride. The first such history was Filippo Villanis De origine civitatis Florentiae et eiusdem famosis civibus, written about 1381-82. Florentine artists revived an art that was almost dead, Villani asserts, just as Dante had restored poetry after its decline in the Middle Ages. The revival was begun by Cimabue and completed by Giotto, who equalled the ancient paintersRead MoreEssay on Art from Baroque Period Through the Postmodern Era1486 Words   |  6 PagesArt from Baroque Period through the Postmodern Era Renaissance art history began as civic history; it was an expression of civic pride. The first such history was Filippo Villanis De origine civitatis Florentiae et eiusdem famosis civibus, written about 1381-82. Florentine artists revived an art that was almost dead, Villani asserts, just as Dante had restored poetry after its decline in the Middle Ages. The revival was begun by Cimabue and completed by Giotto, who equalled the ancient paintersRead MoreChoose Three (3) Works of Art from Three Artists from the Baroque Period Through the Postmodern Era.769 Words   |  4 Pagesworks of art from three artists from the Baroque period through the Postmodern era. Your three (3) works of art should come from the time periods or art movements covered in the reading from Unit 4 and Unit 5. Your choices must comply with the following criteria: †¢The 3 artworks chosen must be of the same style or time period. For example, you can choose one of the following suggestions: ââ€" ¦3 Baroque works of art, or ââ€" ¦3 Impressionist works of art, or ââ€" ¦3 Abstract Expressionist works of art, etc.Read MoreComparison/Contrast Renaisssance and Baroque Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesThe baroque and renaissance periods are two different periods. The renaissance period rolled into the baroque era. There were changes made over the years from the baroque to the renaissance period. Differences in style accumulated along with views of art and music. Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600)Read MoreElements Of The Baroque Era1031 Words   |  5 PagesThe Baroque Era between 1600-1750, was an era that created creative styles and elements, which the Catholic Church took into favor. The Baroque also created a symbol of wealth that the Catholic Church took in creating new sculptures, paintings, and architecture. The Baroque Era emphasized political tension through Church, artistic beauty that would change the view of the church, and amazing architecture that helped convey a theological vision inside the church. Background The Baroque Era began inRead MoreRenaissance vs Baroque1102 Words   |  5 PagesART 101 ART HISTORY Module 1- CASE The ideology and culture of the Renaissance and Baroque Eras are reflected in artwork from the eras. Renaissance art seems to the moment before an event took place and the Baroque art is characterized by great drama, rich deep color, and intense light and dark shadows. Baroque artists chose the most dramatic point, the moment when the action was occurring. For example Michelangelo designed his David composed and still before he fights against Goliath. InRead MoreEssay on Renaisssance versus Baroque Periods967 Words   |  4 Pages The baroque and renaissance periods are two different periods. The renaissance period rolled into the baroque era. There were changes made over the years from the baroque to the renaissance period. Differences in style accumulated along with views of art and music. Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600)

Letter to Home †History American Immigration Free Essays

Mr. Iam Nobody 8 Howling Lane Hackney London E15 6PP United Kingdom Mr. Iam Nobody 8 Howling Lane Hackney London E15 6PP United Kingdom Dear Iam Nobody, Early today I arrived in Ellis Island, as you know I went via steamship which was crowded with all different kind of people from all different places. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to Home – History American Immigration or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the way there I was talking to a German man his name was Kurt even though he was German he spoke very good English I would even say he spoke better than me to a certain extent. When we finally arrived there they took us into the Baggage Room of the Main Building, winding its way up to the second floor where we were met by a team of doctors and inspectors who would decide which way the Golden Door would swing as they called it. Although many did not know it, I could see that the inspection process had already begun. Doctors Scanning the moving line for signs of illness, Public Health Service doctors looked to see if anyone wheezed, coughed, shuffled, or limped as they climbed the steep ascent. There was another door which about 2/10 people went through I assumed that was the ‘unlucky door’ which meant people didn’t pass the health test. A few hours later I had passed my health test now and I said I would wait for Kurt to come through as he had no place to go and I was going to take him to Uncle Poe. Behold to me that was the last day I saw him; he must have failed the health test. So I carried on once I reached New York I quickly found that there was a lot of segregated area for different religions or nationality’s. When Uncle Poe picked me up he showed me to his diner where once again people segregated from each other blacks in one corner, Polish in another I thought this was madness as I thought one of the main reason why people immigrated to America was to escape discrimination. I will be working in Poe’s diner from now on and living above the diner. I’ve only been working there for a couple of days now there’s already been 3 fights and a multiple of hate speech’s and just down the road 2 Irish men were shot and robbed. It’s rough here so when I make enough money to move then you can immigrate over here. Sincerely, Tyler Wakefield. How to cite Letter to Home – History American Immigration, Essay examples

Barry Hiness book Essay Example For Students

Barry Hiness book Essay Barry Hiness book `A Kestrel For A Knave is a powerful  adaptation that dramatizes the entire text in a clear and  exciting way, it also explores its themes motivations and  social settings. Barry Hines uses these `Themes to show  billys world and the people around him whether its at home  school or out in the open. The main theme that rotates  around Billy is education this is because Mr. Hines tries  to show the reader how important education is for them and  Billy. However education is not the only theme that takes  place we regularly see the theme of poverty ` Packet of  dried peas and a bottle of vinegar which was all that was  left in his cupboard. Sorrow is regularly used to try and  change things so the reader can empathize with Billys  situation and this tends to have a great affect on the  reader.  Barry hines appears to see education as crucial there are  many sections in the novel where billy is at scholl. We see  him lessons talking to teacher studying and evem in assembly. However  barry does not show education just as learning he shows it as a part  if life he does this by showing education has a vital impact on  personal development a way to make friends become independent kearn  talent gain confidence and aquire qualifications. He puts this all together to make people see education the opportunity to breakout of  poverty and have a choice at your ambitions  During the book we meet two characters that play a big role in Billys  life these two people are Mr. farthing and Mr. sugden. These two  characters are compared and have many similarities these similarities  are they are both in control, they both enjoy there subjects and both  have a similar style Barry Hines could through these characters be  showing the qualities needed for effective teaching and what education  is about. They are both effective in education and development to hard  work commitment, determination and perseverance  Although sugden and farthing have similarities they also have  differences these similarities are sugden exploits his authority and  control for himself while mr farthing uses it skillfully to bring out  the talents confidence and abilities of pupils however the system is  flawed because authority can be abused the wrong skills attitude can  be taught the pupils most needing a good education are the ones most  likely to be victimized are the ones that suffer the most in barry  hines novel it touches the heart of the novel. The pupils in lessons work similar and get involved in tasks the  pupils have the capacity interest desire to learn and be involved they  want to learn and use there skills  The book also uses something called irony and this is used with two  characters mr sugden a sports teacher and mr gryce a headteacher.and  so irony makes them memorable and there effects of teaching really sad  it also makes a negative effect for the reader but creates humor to  lighten the book. The irony in a kestrel for a knave is used to amuse  and stimulate the reader.